Agronomy Degree Practice Exam

Which soil texture is best suited for peanut growth?

1. Sandy loam

2. Clay

3. Silty clay

4. Sandy clay

The correct answer is: Sandy loam

The best soil texture suited for peanut growth is sandy loam. This type of soil has a well-balanced mixture of sand, silt, and clay, providing excellent drainage and good aeration while retaining enough moisture to sustain plant growth. Peanuts are a legume that thrive in well-drained soils; hence, sandy loam supports a healthy root system and prevents waterlogged conditions, which can adversely affect the plants. In addition to drainage, sandy loam facilitates good root penetration, which is crucial for peanuts as they develop pods underground. The slight sandy texture allows for easier tillage and better root establishment, leading to higher yields. Other soil textures, such as clay and silty clay, can retain too much water, leading to issues like root rot or poor oxygen availability in the soil. Sandy clay, while having some beneficial drainage properties, typically lacks the ideal nutrient-holding capacity and structure that sandy loam provides, making it less suitable for optimal peanut growth.